Function of air compressor room in power plant

The air compressor room of the power plant is the key facility to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the power plant, and its core function is to provide stable and clean compressed air for the whole plant. This compressed air is like the "invisible blood" of the power plant, which runs through many links such as equipment control, process maintenance and safety protection. The following details the specific role of the air compressor room in the power plant from the four core dimensions.

Driving and Control of 1. Equipment Operation

the compressed air produced in the air compressor room is the power source for many pneumatic equipment and control systems in the power plant:

1. pneumatic actuator drive
   • in boiler combustion control, steam turbine speed control and other systems, compressed air drives pneumatic valves, baffles and other actuators to achieve precise adjustment of fuel supply, steam flow and other parameters. For example, the boiler damper controls the air intake through a pneumatic actuator to ensure combustion efficiency.
2. Gas for instrument and control system
   • the sampling pipelines of pressure, temperature and flow instruments shall be purged by compressed air to prevent dust blockage. At the same time, pneumatic instruments (such as pneumatic control valves) rely on compressed air to transmit signals to ensure the accurate execution of control instructions.

Maintenance and optimization of 2. process

compressed air plays multiple roles in the power plant process to ensure production continuity and economy:

1. equipment maintenance and cleaning
   • during the shutdown and maintenance of the unit, the compressed air is used to purge the ash and slagging inside the pipeline, heat exchanger and other equipment to restore the equipment performance. For example, the air preheater cleans dust through high-pressure air to improve heat exchange efficiency.
2. Process medium conveying
   • in coal-fired power plants, compressed air is used in the pneumatic ash conveying system to transport the fly ash collected by the electrostatic precipitator to the ash silo to avoid secondary pollution. At the same time, in the desulfurization system, compressed air drives the slurry circulation pump to ensure the desulfurization efficiency.

3. Security and Emergency Response

the air compressor room is an important support for the safety system of the power plant, and its compressed air plays a key role in emergency scenarios:

1. power source of fire fighting system
   • in emergency situations such as fire, compressed air provides power for fire monitors, pneumatic diaphragm valves and other equipment to quickly cut off the fire source or isolate dangerous areas.
2. Equipment cooling and sealing
   • in high temperature equipment such as steam turbines and generators, compressed air is used for shaft end sealing to prevent lubricating oil leakage. At the same time, in the hydrogen-cooled generator, compressed air is used as a backup cooling medium to ensure the safe shutdown of the unit.

Composition and Operation Principle of 4. System

the air compressor room usually contains the following core equipment, which work together to produce clean compressed air:

1. air Compressor
   • through the screw or centrifugal compression mechanism, the atmospheric air is compressed to 0.6-1.0MPa to provide a gas source for subsequent processing.
2. Post-processing system
   • dryer: Adopt freezing or adsorption drying technology to reduce the dew point of compressed air to -20 ℃ to -70 ℃ to avoid pipeline corrosion.
   • Filter multi-stage filtration removes particulate matter (≥ 0.01 μm) and oil to ensure gas cleanliness.
3. Gas tank and pipe network
   • the gas storage tank balances the pressure fluctuation during peak and trough periods, and the pipe network delivers compressed air to all gas consumption points of the plant.

Impact of 5. on Power Plant Operation

the stable operation of the air compressor room directly affects the economy and safety of the power plant:

1. operating efficiency
   • clean compressed air can reduce equipment wear, extend the life of valves, instruments and other components, reduce maintenance costs.
2. Security risk
   • compressed air quality is not up to standard may lead to pneumatic actuator jam, instrument signal distortion, and even lead to equipment downtime or safety accidents.

Conclusion

the air compressor room of the power plant supports the core functions of equipment control, process maintenance and safety guarantee by providing stable and clean compressed air. With the development of power plants in the direction of high efficiency and cleanliness, the air compressor room will pay more attention to energy efficiency optimization and intelligent management to meet the needs of higher standards of operation. The power plant should strictly control the quality of compressed air to ensure that it meets the process requirements, so as to provide a solid guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power generation equipment.