2026-04-14Views：
There are significant differences between screw and scroll compressors in terms of structure, working principle, performance characteristics and application fields. The following is a detailed comparison of the two:
| Screw compressor | scroll compressor | |
|---|---|---|
| working principle | the twin-screw screw compressor rotates in the cylinder through a pair of intermeshing spiral male and female rotors to complete the process of suction, compression and exhaust. The single screw compressor compresses gas by rotating a rotor and a pair of star discs. | The scroll compressor uses a fixed involute scroll and an eccentric rotating and flat moving involute scroll to form a compressible volume, and the suction, compression and discharge of gas are realized by the dynamic and static discs. |
| Structural features | the cylinder is equipped with a pair of spiral male and female rotors meshing with each other, and the gap between the rotors and the casing and the rotor is very small. | The air cavity is mainly composed of a fixed scroll and a static scroll. The moving scroll is driven by an eccentric shaft and restricted by an anti-rotation mechanism, and rotates on a plane with a small radius around the center of the static scroll base circle. |
| Screw compressor | scroll compressor | |
|---|---|---|
| efficiency | the screw compressor has the characteristics of forced gas transmission, the gas transmission volume is almost not affected by pressure, and can maintain high efficiency in a wide working range. However, with the increase of pressure ratio, the leakage loss also increases rapidly, so the efficiency of low temperature operation is significantly reduced. | The scroll compressor has no suction and exhaust valves, the rotation radius of the contact line is small, the friction speed is low, the loss is small, and the efficiency is high. |
| Vibration and noise | the screw compressor has no reciprocating mass inertia force, good power balance performance and small vibration. However, due to the rotor cogging periodically high-speed through the suction and exhaust holes, as well as through the gap leakage and other reasons, the noise is larger. | Scroll compressor due to the suction, compression, exhaust process is carried out at the same time, the pressure rise is slow, the torque change amplitude is small, the vibration is small. At any frequency, the vibration and noise are lower than those of piston compressors and rolling rotor compressors. |
| gas transmission coefficient | the screw compressor has no intake and exhaust valves and clearance volume, good sealing and cooling effect, and high gas transmission coefficient. | Scroll compressor suction, compression, exhaust continuous one-way, direct suction, suction gas harmful overheating is small, and there is no clearance volume in the gas expansion process, so the gas transmission coefficient is high. |
| Reliability | screw compressor parts less, no wearing parts, reliable operation, long life. | The scroll compressor has simple and compact structure, light weight, small size and high reliability. |
| Tuning performance | through the slide valve and other devices to achieve energy stepless adjustment. | Scroll compressors are particularly adapted to variable speed operation and frequency conversion technology. |
| Scope of application | screw compressor has high speed, small size, light weight, low exhaust pulse, suitable for a variety of refrigerants, high volumetric efficiency, especially suitable for mobile compressors. However, the rotor is difficult to process and is sensitive to liquid feed. | The scroll compressor is suitable for a wider speed range, and it is promising to use the scroll compressor for variable frequency adjustment of air delivery in air conditioning or heat pump. However, the demand for high compression ratio and large displacement of compressed gas limits the development of scroll compressors. |
In summary, screw and scroll compressors have their own unique advantages and areas of application. When selecting, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as specific application scenarios, performance requirements, and economy.
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